The risk of typhoid increases significantly during the monsoon. India is one of the typhoid endemic countries.
Typhoid is a life-threatening disease that affects thousands of people every year. According to WHO estimates, 9 million people worldwide were affected by typhoid fever in 2019 and 110,000 people died. Children and people who do not have access to clean water and proper sanitation are at greater risk of contracting typhoid. Typhoid is endemic to India and contributes a large proportion of the global burden.
What Causes Typhoid?
Typhoid fever is caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar typhi (commonly known as Salmonella typhi).
How istyphoid spread?
People usually get typhoid from ingesting food or water contaminated with Salmonella typhi. An infected person can pass the bacteria on in their feces or urine. Once ingested, the bacteria can multiply and spread into the bloodstream.
What are the symptoms ofTyphus?
Symptoms of typhoid include high fever, fatigue, headache, nausea, abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, and skin rashes.
What test is done to diagnose typhoid?
The typhoid diagnosis can be confirmed by blood, stool, or urine tests. IgM test, blood culture, real-time PCR, Widal test, The diagnostic tests to detect typhoid fever.
How is typhoid treated?
Typhoid is easily treated with antibiotics. Commonly prescribed antibiotics include fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, macrolides, and carbapenems. However, increasing antibiotic resistance is making treatment more difficult. If you are severely dehydrated, you may need to receive fluids through a vein. Sometimes surgery may be needed to repair damaged intestines.
Is there a vaccination against typhoid?
Yes, there are typhoid vaccines that can be given to children as young as 6 months and adults. However, vaccination does not provide 100% protection or long-lasting immunity.
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